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Before 2022, Bobb Matthews might have been an ascending star, but he could never quite break through on a sanctioned lifting platform. Aside from some solid podium finishes, he was awaiting his turn to shine in the spotlight. In what was likely his last competitive appearance of the 2022 calendar year, Matthews came, saw, and conquered.

On Dec. 10, 2022, Matthews (105KG) won the 2022 USA Powerlifting (USAPL) Virginia Pro when he captured a 952.5-kilogram (2,099.3-pound) raw total. Per Open Powerlifting, Matthews’ total is an all-time competition personal record (PR) of 22.2 kilograms (49 pounds). Perhaps not by coincidence, Matthews’ past PR total of 930 kilograms (2,050.3 pounds) occurred at the 2022 USAPL Mega Nationals — the only other win of the athlete’s career.

En route to his best-ever competition total, Matthews notched all-time competition PRs on his bench press by 17.5 kilograms (38.6 pounds) and deadlift by five kilograms (11 pounds). He also matched his all-time best on the back squat. To put a cherry on top, Matthews’ DOTS score of 582.79 — the ratio of an athlete’s body weight to the weight they’re lifting — was the highest recorded in the USAPL this year. The athlete had a body weight of 101.4 kilograms (223.5 pounds) at the contest.

Here’s an overview of Matthews’ top stats from the 2022 USAPL Virginia Pro:

Bobb Matthews (105KG) | 2022 USAPL Virginia Pro Top Stats

  • Squat — 340 kilograms (749.6 pounds) | Equals All-Time Raw Competition Best
  • Bench Press — 232.5 kilograms (512.6 pounds) | All-Time Raw Competition Best
  • Deadlift — 380 kilograms (837.8 pounds) | All-Time Raw Competition Best
  • Total — 952.5 kilograms (2,099.3 pounds) | All-Time Raw Competition Best

Matthews usually competes in the 100-kilogram weight class, but moved up in weight for the 2022 USAPL Virginia Pro. Such a competitive decision had him cross paths with peer Ashton Rouska — one of the more prolific competitors in that division, and who has won noteworthy titles like the 2021 USAPL Raw Nationals. Rouska was the defending Virginia Pro champion in the 105-kilogram category, and Matthews’ recent performance ultimately dethroned him.

That said, Matthews’ PR/winning total at the 2022 edition of the Virginia Pro was actually 2.7 kilograms (6.1 pounds) less than Rouska’s winning total at the 2021 iteration of the Virginia Pro. That suggests this pair of powerlifters could have some neck-and-neck battles in the future.

In the comments of Matthews’ Instagram post detailing his results, Rouska deferred to the athlete, offering hearty, congratulatory words of praise. At the same time, he looked ahead to when the two might next square off.

“You did well, Bobb, I am so proud of how far you’ve come,” Rouska wrote. “You have a heart of gold and deserve every ounce of success that is coming your way. This 10-year powerlifter won’t just kneel over and let you win the Arnold [2023 Arnold Sports Festival], though. Time to get to work!”

Featured image: @ssjbobb on Instagram

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Research of the Week

Baking soda prevents performance declination during tennis matches.

Older people who stop lifting weight see their muscles gain intramuscular fat. Resuming training helps the muscles shed it.

Kombucha improves gut health and mitigates the damage of a lab diet in rodents.

High intensity aerobic training increases circulating levels of neuroprotective compounds.

Bad sleep, bad training.

New Primal Kitchen Podcasts

Primal Kitchen Podcast: The Link Between Dairy Intolerance and Dairy Genes with Alexandre Family Farm Founders Blake and Stephanie

Primal Health Coach Radio: Going Beyond “Feeling Fine” With Dr. Libby Wilson

Media, Schmedia

Constant turmoil” at the FDA.

Interesting Blog Posts

Do kids compete too early in sports?

Revolution occurs when elites are discontent.

Social Notes

On heuristics.

Everything Else

AI creates horrific food.

I think this kind of thing is more common than we think in other countries too.

Things I’m Up to and Interested In

More of this: Florida Surgeon General asks people to grow their own food.

Concerning: Even taking COVID out of the equation, all-cause mortality exceeds 2019 levels.

Powerful phrase: Exercise as “metabolic shield” against cancer.

Interesting question: Did an older hominid use fire?

Finally: What have I been saying for years?

Question I’m Asking

How much water do you drink a day?

Recipe Corner

Time Capsule

One year ago (Dec 3 – Dec 9)

Comment of the Week

My self improvement journey started around 2009. I was 29 years old and discovered @Mark_Sisson and @TheMinimalists and started to change my life. When/where did your self improvement journey begin?

-Love to hear it, Mark.

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There are some strongperson contests that might have more gravitas to them. Competitions that become forks in the road in stellar careers. One of them is the annual Arnold Strongman Classic (ASC). With the 2023 edition mere months away in Columbus, OH, some of its puzzle pieces are starting to fall into place.

On Dec. 7-8, 2022, the Arnold Sports Festival Instagram page revealed the respective Men’s and Women’s rosters for the 2023 ASC, scheduled to take place on March 2-5, 2023.

On the Men’s side, some noteworthy confirmed competitors include two-time defending World’s Strongest Man (WSM) Tom Stoltman and 2022 Giants Live World Tour Finals champion Mitchell Hooper. On the Women’s side, powerlifter Tamara Walcott — the deadlift and total World Record holder in the 90-plus kilogram division — will make her strongwoman debut. Meanwhile, current Log Lift World Record holder, former World’s Strongest Woman (WSW) champion (2018), and 2022 WSW runner-up Andrea Thompson will try to parlay her recent momentum into a victory.

Here’s an overview of both rosters for the 2023 ASC:

2023 Arnold Strongman Classic Roster | Men

2023 Arnold Strongman Classic Roster | Women

  • Tamara Walcott (U.S. Virgin Islands)
  • Andrea Thompson (United Kingdom)
  • Olga Liashchuk (Ukraine)
  • Inez Carrasquillo (Puerto Rico)
  • Melissa Peacock (Canada)
  • Hannah Linzay (United States)
  • Nadia Stowers (United States)
  • Victoria Long (United States)
  • Samantha Belliveau (Canada)
  • Donna Moore (United Kingdom)

For the Men, the reigning champion Martins Licis will not appear to defend his title. Nor will the 2022 runner-up Oleksii Novikov. Overall, the Men’s field has four challengers taking vacated roster spots from the 2022 edition — Hooper, Mateusz Kieliszkowski, Pavlo Nakonechnyy, and Tom Evans.

Notably, Kieliszkowski returns to the ASC after notching two consecutive podium finishes in 2019-2020. Luke Stoltman and Bobby Thompson also return after tying for third place in 2022. Someone like Hooper — who won two of his last three strongman appearances to close out 2022 — may make noise, too. That respective group could make for a fascinating battle, should any of them improve upon their past results.

Meanwhile, top contenders for the Women’s title might include 2022 WSW champion Olga Liashchuk, three-time WSW winner Donna Moore (2016-2017, 2019), and Thompson. With no established precedent at a strongwoman contest, it’s difficult to ascertain how an athlete like Walcott might fare. However, her unique strength could make her a potential dark horse, too.

2022 ASC Events

Shortly after the official rosters were announced, the Arnold Sports Festival revealed the event lineup — which is notably the same for both the men’s and women’s fields. The events are as follows:

  • Wheel of Pain
  • The Austrian Oak
  • Elephant Bar Deadlift
  • Unspunnen Stone Throw
  • Timber Frame Carry

There’s still plenty of time before the 2023 ASC officially launches. That means all bets could be off as these star-studded rosters of elite strongpeople try to shine in Columbus in March.

Featured image: @mitchellhooper on Instagram

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With two straight World’s Strongest Man (WSM) titles to his name, Tom Stoltman might be the biggest name in strongman. After winning his second consecutive championship in Sacramento, CA, the Scottish athlete didn’t appear in a strongman contest in the final quarter of 2022.

A June 2022 soccer charity appearance where Stoltman helped raise $18.8 million was one of his final major public appearances. While he didn’t compete, Stoltman still trained hard to build his strength. On Dec. 4, 2022, in a video on his YouTube channel, Stoltman revealed he intends to break the all-time deadlift World Record.

The current heaviest-ever deadlift of 501 kilograms (1,104.5 pounds) belongs to 2018 WSM winner Hafthor Björnsson. Stoltman calls his deadlift preparation the “Road to 505” series in reference to his eventual 505-kilogram (1,113.3-pound) World Record attempt in 2024. Check out the video below:

This first “Road to 505” video featured Stoltman working toward an eventual beltless 300-kilogram (661.4-pound) deadlift for four reps. After warming up, Stoltman began with five sets of 250-kilogram (551.2-pound) deadlift triples with lifting straps and no belt. Stoltman’s older brother Luke — the 2021 Europe’s Strongest Man (ESM) — and their novice strongman younger brother, Harry, got some sets of their own in while Tom rested.

The middle Stoltman brother was fighting through a cold during the session, and his fatigue was evident after his respective sets. Tom didn’t let his affliction slow him down, as he successfully completed all 15 beltless reps of the 250-kilogram (551.2-pound) deadlift over his five sets.

Tom Stoltman will make his World Record deadlift attempt sometime in 2024, though he did not provide specifics as to when or where that attempt will occur.

By the time Stoltman attempts 505 kilograms (1,113.3 pounds), that figure might not be the deadlift record anymore.

After deadlifting his all-time competition best of 483 kilograms (1,064.3 pounds) at the 2022 Eisenhart Black Competition (EBC), fellow strongman Ivan Makarov revealed he would attempt the World Record. Makarov’s personal timeline is for his own 505-kilogram record attempt at the 2023 World Deadlift Championships (WDC), currently scheduled for some time in early September 2023. That means Makarov — the 2021 WDC champion — could potentially set a new deadlift high mark roughly four months, at minimum, before Stoltman attempts it for himself.

Stoltman and Makarov might find themselves in a tense race to alter the record books.

Featured image: Stoltman Brothers on YouTube

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The Masters Olympia is coming back. Per a Dec. 1, 2022, announcement from the relatively newly-created Instagram account @mrolympiamasters, the 2023 edition of the contest will take place on Aug. 26-27, 2023, in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The competition’s return marks 11 years since its last edition in 2012. It will be a showcase of 10 competitive divisions for participating athletes.

The 2023 Masters Olympia announcement detailed that a full list of invited athletes for the entire roster will be revealed on Apr. 24, 2023.

To garner a place in the 2023 Masters Olympia, potential athletes must submit a “letter of intent” to an official email address — mastersolympia@mrolympia.com — that denotes their age, nationality, competitive background, and any personal social media platforms. In any submissions, athletes also have the option to include a video application — no longer than one minute) — and any images of their physique.

All applications must be submitted by Apr. 10, 2023. At the time of this article’s publication, it is unclear how the items in every athlete’s application will be evaluated for potential invitations.

Here are the age requirements for each of the respective divisions at the 2023 Masters Olympia:

2023 Masters Olympia Required Ages By Division

  • Men’s Open — Age 45 and up
  • Women’s Open — Age 45 and up
  • Men’s Physique — Age 40 and up
  • Women’s Physique — Age 40 and up
  • Classic Physique — Age 40 and up
  • 212 Bodybuilding — Age 45 and up
  • Wellness — Age 40 and up
  • Bikini — Age 40 and up
  • Fitness — Age 40 and up
  • Figure — Age 40 and up

In the last edition of the Masters Olympia in 2012 — which featured just the Men’s Open division — 2008 Mr. Olympia champion Dexter Jackson captured the crown. Jackson’s win came after the competition was absent for approximately nine years. Vince Taylor holds the most Masters Olympia titles, with five wins near the turn of the 20th century (1996-1997, 1999-2001).

There is no shortage of iconic competitors who could potentially pose on the stage in Romania in the Summer of 2023.

There’s Jackson, who technically remains the defending champion. There’s seven-time Mr. Olympia (2011-2017) Phil Heath, who stepped away from bodybuilding after a third-place result at the 2020 Mr. Olympia. He is evidently still keeping in shape, judging from his media presence.

There’s also Jay Cutler. The four-time Mr. Olympia (2006-2007, 2009-2010) did shoot down rumors of a Masters Olympia return in mid-October 2022, but those plans could potentially change in the coming months.

With a lot of time before the 2023 Masters Olympia kicks off, more concrete information — such as how fans can tune into the contest — will likely be revealed at a later time. Until then, some of bodybuilding’s elder statespeople can start earnestly training to show off their dynamite physiques in Romania next August.

Featured image: @mrolympiamasters on Instagram

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If you’re working to build a superhero physique, you might occasionally train in your “fortress of solitude” or “bat cave” — meaning at home. Some lifters utilize home workouts to maintain consistency and training frequency when they can’t make it to the gym. Others may opt for the convenience of an at-home workout over the variety of exercises a commercial gym offers. Whatever the reason for training at home, anyone can build a Herculean body in their living room or garage. 


MDV Edwards / Shutterstock

And the centerpiece of an aesthetic physique is the chest. Those looking to build muscle — known as bodybuilders — can and should try this efficient workout that delivers a robust training stimulus to all significant parts of the chest. This workout requires only a few dumbbells, a bench, a resistance band, and your body weight. Gather your gear and get ready for a superhuman chest pump.  

How to Train Your Chest Muscles

The visible slabs of chest muscle consist primarily of pectoralis major. This fan-shaped muscle covers several smaller muscles. Owing to its prominent location and size, the pectoralis major dominates the aesthetics of the upper torso. If you care to learn the functional anatomy underlying chest training, class is “in session” below. 

Chest Anatomy

Bodybuilders commonly divide the pectoralis major into two major parts: The clavicular head and the sternocostal head. 

The clavicular head is located just under the collar bones and comprises the “upper chest.” The sternocostal head originates from the breastbone and ribs, making up the midportion of pectoralis major. 

Although the division between these two heads is not visibly identifiable, they are distinct from developmental, neuromuscular, and functional perspectives. (1)(2)(3

The clavicular and sternocostal heads have different lines of action at the shoulder joint, contributing inequitably to various shoulder movements. (3) Therefore, various chest exercises train or bias different portions of the chest. 

As a general rule…

  • Shoulder flexion (i.e. pushing or lifting in front of the body) is dominated by the clavicular head. (3
  • Shoulder adduction (i.e. pulling the arms into the sides of the body, like with a lat pulldown) is accomplished primarily by the sternocostal head (3)(4
  • Horizontal adduction (i.e. pulling the upper arms inward when the elbows are at shoulder height, as in a wide-grip press or wide push-up) is accomplished by both heads

However, the upper chest is more engaged when force is directed inward and slightly upward (as in an incline barbell press, push-up, or low-to-high cable flye) (4)(5) The sternocostal head is biased when the force is directed inward and slightly downward (as in a decline press or high-to-low cable flye) or when the arm is externally rotated (as in the flat bench dumbbell flye exercise). (5)

The Workout

Altogether, a good chest workout, like the one below, hits both the clavicular and sternocostal heads of the pectoralis major. Other muscles trained during the chest workout are the triceps brachii, serratus anterior, and anterior deltoid. As a bonus, chest exercises can also hit various stabilizing muscles, such as the rotator cuff, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis minor, and trapezius. 

Incline Dumbbell Flye Press 

Incline presses primarily target the upper chest. (4)(5) So the incline dumbbell flye press is a smart variation on the traditional variation, as eccentric contractions (i.e. lengthening the muscle under load) are stronger than concentric, or “up phase,” contractions. (6) Training techniques that increase demand on the target musculature during the eccentric exploit this phenomenon. 

The  incline dumbbell flye press requires the lifter to perform the concentric as a “press” and the eccentric as a “flye” — This technique puts more demand on the chest when the muscle is stronger during lowering.

  • How to Do it: Set an adjustable bench to the incline position (i.e. 45 to 60 degrees). Perform your working sets with dumbbells lighter than you’d typically incline press, but slightly heavier than you’d normally use for a dumbbell flye. Keeping your forearms vertical, press the dumbbells toward the ceiling. At the top, ensure your palms face each other and unlock your elbows. Lower the weights by allowing your arms to drift apart. At the bottom of the movement, you should feel a stretch across your chest. Pull your elbows toward your ribcage to reset for the next repetition. 
  • Sets and Reps: 3 x 8-12
  • Rest Time: Rest 90-120 seconds between sets

Benefits of the Incline Dumbbell Flye Press

  • It stretches your muscles under a heavier load than you could typically use for flyes, creating more eccentric tension, a huge driver in muscle growth. (6
  • This movement targets the upper chest, and building this portion of your chest contributes to a more complete-looking torso. 

Banded Dumbbell Bench Press with Bands

Adding a band to your dumbbell press adds more tension to the top of the lift, where lifters are typically stronger. Instead of getting to that phase of the press and “resting” the additional band resistance places your pecs under more stress, making each phase of the lift as difficult as possible. 

So, if you’re looking for an easy variable resistance setup or training with a limited dumbbell selection, try the dumbbell bench press with a band.  (7)

  • How to Do it: Wrap a moderate-thickness resistance band around your back, holding an end in each hand. Ensure the band is below your shoulder blades. Pick up a pair of dumbbells while holding the bands. Lie on a flat bench. Squeeze your shoulder blades together and create a slight arch in your spine. Press the dumbbells toward the ceiling until elbows are straight. Lower with control. 
  • Sets and Reps: 3 x 6-10
  • Rest Time: Rest 90-120 seconds between sets

Benefits of the Dumbbell Bench Press with Band

  • Training with variable resistance may promote improved training effects, such as strength (8) and fatigue resistance (9) with lower perceptions of exertion. (10)
  • This is a simple and self-contained variable resistance setup. Unlike traditional bench press with bands, this dumbbell version does not require a power rack with band anchors. 

Bench Dip 

Dips train the chest and triceps brachii from a position of shoulder extension. Dips performed with hands set wider than shoulder width promote adduction and bias the mid and lower pecs. (3) The bottom position of the bench dip applies a profound loaded stretch to pectoralis major, increasing mechanical tension. 

Since mechanical tension is thought to be a primary mechanism of muscle growth (11), the bench dip may prove to be among the most effective chest-building exercises. However, remember that this is a bodyweight exercise and may not be challenging for relatively strong lifters. To get the most out of the dip, perform enough repetitions to produce fatigue. (12

  • How to Do it: Sit along the long edge of a flat bench with your legs extended. Place your hands wider than shoulder-width on the bench. Move your heels six to eight inches forward and support your body on your heels and hands. Lower your body toward the floor by allowing your elbows to bend and your upper arms to move backward and out. Return to the top position by straightening your elbows and drawing your arms toward your ribcage. 
  • Sets and Reps: 2 x 12-16
  • Rest Time: Rest 90-120 seconds between sets

Benefits of the Bench Dip 

  • The chest experiences a “loaded stretch” at the bottom of the bench dip. This feature may promote accelerated muscle growth. (11)
  • During bodyweight dips, pectoralis major activity has been shown to increase as fatigue builds, illustrating why you want to take this particular movement to failure. (12)
  • The dip also trains pectoralis minor, a deep chest muscle, and the lower part of trapezius, a midback muscle. 

Push-Up Drop Set

A drop set is a resistance training technique consisting of a set taken to failure, followed by a “drop” or reduction in load, then immediately performing as many additional repetitions as possible. (13) To extend the technique, a lifter may perform multiple “drops,” but little to no rest should be taken between them. 

The push-up is a staple bodyweight exercise for building the chest and arms; however, for strong lifters, it may not be challenging enough for efficient programming. It’s not uncommon for lifters to hit multiple sets of 30, 40, or even 50-plus repetitions of push-ups per straight set. Fortunately, drop sets make training more efficient without sacrificing strength or hypertrophy outcomes. (13) Finish your chest workout strong with this push-up drop set.

  • How to Do it: If you can perform 10 or more traditional push-ups consecutively, begin the push-up drop set with a resistance band wrapped around your back just below the shoulder blades. Otherwise, start with your body weight. Get into a push-up position. Lower to the floor, then push back to the top position. Perform the first banded set until failure, then immediately transition to a bodyweight push-up. Perform until failure, and then perform a push-up on your knees to failure.
  • Sets and Reps: 1 set of three drop sets
  • Rest Time: None.

Benefits of the Push-Up Drop Set

  • Compared to straight sets, drop sets are expected to result in similar hypertrophy and strength adaptations while requiring less training time. (13)
  • This drop set promotes a chest and triceps “pump,” which, for many lifters, is an undeniable sign of a quality workout.

How to Warm-Up for Your Chest Workout 

Although any warmup can set the stage for a better workout, the R.A.M.P. warmup protocol is among the most robust. Popularized by Coach Ian Jeffries, R.A.M.P. stands for “Raise, Activate, Mobilize, and Potentiate.” (14) A sample R.A.M.P. warmup for chest or upper body pushing workouts is provided.

  • R: Raise your body temperature, metabolic rate, and breathing rate by performing five to eight minutes of an aerobic exercise of your choice — jogging, jumping rope, or performing jumping jacks are accessible options for at-home workouts. 
  • A: Activate the muscles you’re about to train. In addition to the chest muscles, the posterior rotator cuff is highly active during pressing. (15) Various chest exercises also engage the latissimus dorsi and midback muscles.

    • Band External Rotation: Hold a light band in front of your stomach with palms up. Stretch the band by rotating your upper arms and forearms out. Perform a single set of 10 to 15 repetitions. 
    • Band Pull Apart: Hold a resistance band at shoulder height with your elbows straight and an overhand or neutral grip on the band. Stretch the band by pulling your arms apart. Perform a single set of 12 to 15 repetitions.
    • Overhead Band Pull Apart: to involve the chest and latissimus dorsi as shoulder adductors. Hold the band above your head and stretch it as you pull your arms toward your sides. Stop and return to the top position when the band touches your upper back. Perform a single set of 12 to 15 repetitions.
  • M: Mobilize the wrists, shoulders, and midback.

    • Plank to Pike: Begin in a high plank position supported by palms and toes. Using your arms, push your hips back as far as you can without rounding your back or bending your knees. Return to the start position with control. Perform a single set of 12 to 15 repetitions. 
    • *Reverse Plank: Sit on the floor with your torso leaned slightly back, knees and hips bent, with heels on the floor. Place your hands on the floor beneath your shoulders. Bridge your hips toward the ceiling to mobilize your shoulders into extension. Lower to the floor. Perform a single set of 12 to 15 repetitions. 
  • P: Fire up your neuromuscular system for peak performance.

    • Incline Plyo Push-Up: Assume the push up position with hands at shoulder width or slightly wider on the long edge of a flat bench. Lower your chest toward the bench then ballistically push up, launching your upper body away from the bench. Land on your palms, allowing your elbows to bend to absorb the impact. Perform two sets of three to five repetitions. 

No Need to Leave the Fortress of Solitude

In your quest to achieve a superhero physique, missed workouts are kryptonite. This efficient chest workout can be performed at home with limited equipment and can help you to maintain consistency. Better yet, advanced training techniques and functional anatomy principles will help you to build a chest worthy of a capital “S.” 

References

  1. Al-Qattan, M. M., Yang, Y., & Kozin, S. H. (2009). Embryology of the upper limb. The Journal of Hand Surgery, 34(7), 1340-1350.
  2. Haładaj, R., et al. (2019). Anatomical variations of the pectoralis major muscle: notes on their impact on pectoral nerve innervation patterns and discussion on their clinical relevance. BioMed Research International, doi.org/10.1155/2019/6212039.
  3. Ackland, D. C., et al. (2008). Moment arms of the muscles crossing the anatomical shoulder. Journal of Anatomy, 213(4), 383-390.
  4. dos Santos Albarello, et al. (2022). Non-uniform excitation of pectoralis major induced by changes in bench press inclination leads to uneven variations in the cross-sectional area measured by panoramic ultrasonography. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 67, 102722.
  5. Lee, H. M. (2019). Force direction and arm position affect contribution of clavicular and sternal parts of pectoralis major muscle during muscle strength testing. Journal of Hand Therapy, 32(1), 71-79.
  6. Walker, S., et al. (2016). Greater strength gains after training with accentuated eccentric than traditional isoinertial loads in already strength-trained men. Frontiers in Physiology, 7, 149.
  7. McMaster, D. T., Cronin, J., & McGuigan, M. (2009). Forms of variable resistance training. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 31(1), 50-64.
  8. Joy, J. M., et al. (2016). Elastic bands as a component of periodized resistance training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(8), 2100-2106.
  9. Walker, S., et al. (2013). Variable resistance training promotes greater fatigue resistance but not hypertrophy versus constant resistance training. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 113(9), 2233-2244.
  10. Baena-Morales, S., et al. (2022). Comparative analysis of a bench press using strength methods with and without intra-repetition variable resistance. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 22(3), 820-828.
  11. Wackerhage, H., et al. (2019). Stimuli and sensors that initiate skeletal muscle hypertrophy following resistance exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 136, 30-43
  12. McKenzie, A., et al. (2022). Fatigue increases muscle activations but does not change maximal joint angles during the bar dip. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(21), 14390.
  13. Coleman, M., et al. (2022). Muscular adaptations in drop set vs. traditional training: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Strength and Conditioning, 2(1).
  14. Jeffreys, I. (2006). Warm up revisited–the ‘ramp’ method of optimising performance preparation. UKSCA Journal, 6, 15-19.
  15. Wattanaprakornkul, D., et al. (2011). Direction-specific recruitment of rotator cuff muscles during bench press and row. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 21(6), 1041-1049.

Featured Image: MDV Edwards / Shutterstock

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The bodybuilding world will soon witness the 2022 Olympia, set to take place on Dec. 16-18, 2022. Every preparative decision with the competition approaching becomes increasingly important for the athletes seeking a stellar result.

One of the more notable competitors at bodybuilding’s flagship event is reigning three-time Classic Physique Olympia champion Chris Bumstead (2019-2021). The champion bodybuilder is in the mix for a legendary “four-peat” title and is pulling out all of the stops in the kitchen.

Already well past his bulking phase, Bumstead posted a Dec. 4, 2022, video to his YouTube channel detailing a “shredding” full day of eating as the 2022 Olympia nears. Check it out:

Bumstead is in the final stages of his preparation with his new coach, Hany Rambod, who also works with Men’s Open competitors Derek Lunsford and Hadi Choopan. Bumstead mutually ended his partnership with former coach/fellow active bodybuilder Iain Valliere.

Below is an overview of the shredding diet Bumstead follows to defend his Classic Physique title. All numerical values below are approximations from Bumstead’s fitness application. He did not provide individual values for each meal.

Meal 1

Bumstead began his day by consuming a mix of oats and protein powder with some eggs on the side. His drink contains glutamine, psyllium husk, and Betaine. The glutamine and psyllium husk is supposed to aid digestion, while the Betaine’s purpose is anti-inflammation.

Here are the contents of Bumstead’s first meal:

  • Oats with water (80 grams)
  • Two scoops of protein powder
  • One whole egg
  • Egg white (250 grams)
  • Teaspoon salt (2/8)
  • Drink with glutamine, psyllium husk, and Betaine

Meal 2

Bumstead’s second meal consisted of rice and Atlantic cod. The bodybuilder threw in some asparagus and topped it off with sriracha sauce.

Here it is in full:

  • White rice (150 grams)
  • Atlantic Cod (200 grams)
  • Asparagus (undisclosed amount)
  • Sriracha sauce (undisclosed amount)

Meal 3

Bumstead used the third meal as a pre-workout. The meal featured white rice, turkey, chicken breast, zucchini, lettuce, some salt, and mustard.

Here it is diagrammed:

  • White rice (175 grams)
  • Turkey, chicken breast (180 grams)
  • Zucchini (undisclosed amount)
  • Iceberg lettuce (undisclosed amount)
  • Salt, mustard sauce (undisclosed amount)

Meal 4

Bumstead stuck to a measure of white rice and vegetables for his post-workout meal, but this time used ground turkey as his protein source.

Here are its contents:

  • White rice (150 grams)
  • Ground turkey (180 grams)
  • Zucchini (undisclosed amount)
  • Iceberg lettuce (undisclosed amount)
  • Sriracha, mustard sauce (undisclosed amount)

Meal 5

As he neared the end of his day, Bumstead gave himself a frozen sweet treat featuring protein powder with a Cinnamon Toast Crunch® flavor in a shake mixed with glutamine and water. Bumstead did not disclose approximate measurements of the components of this shake.

Meal 6

Bumstead’s sixth meal included a protein and vegetables but not rice.

In terms of concrete content, it was also a smaller overall meal:

  • Turkey, chicken (180 grams)
  • Zucchini (undisclosed amount)

Overall, per the application on Bumstead’s phone, his entire day of shredded eating came out to 2,177 calories, 284 grams of protein, 199 grams of carbohydrates, and 19 grams of fat.

With a little under two weeks until the 2022 Olympia from when Bumstead’s eating video was posted, the champion bodybuilder still has to sand over any areas of his physique he feels need work. He’ll have to be shredded and prepared for any potential pitfalls to capture his fourth consecutive Classic Physique Olympia title.

Featured image: Chris Bumstead on YouTube

The post Chris Bumstead Diagrams His Shredding Diet Before the 2022 Mr. Olympia appeared first on Breaking Muscle.

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On Dec. 6, 2022, bodybuilder Sadik Hadzovic took to his Instagram page to reveal he will not compete in the upcoming 2022 Mr. Olympia. The contest takes place on Dec. 16-18, 2022, in Las Vegas, NV, making Hadzovic’s somewhat last-minute withdrawal a surprise.

Hadzovic qualified for the Men’s Physique Olympia but did not reveal specific details about why he wouldn’t participate.

“I know many of you were excited to see me back at this year’s Olympia,” Hadzovic wrote. “Unfortunately, I will not be competing.”

Hadzovic’s competitive bodybuilding resume spans over a decade long. According to NPC News Online, he finished second place in the Men’s Physique division at the 2012 Greater Gulf States Pro — a notable result given it was Hadzovic’s International Federation of Bodybuilding and Fitness (IFBB) Pro League debut.

From there on, Hadzovic wasted no time making a name for himself. Continuing as a Men’s Physique competitor, he won his first IFBB Pro League contest at the 2012 Valenti Gold Cup. Roughly a year later, he notched a win at the 2013 New York Pro, earning qualification for his first-ever Olympia. He finished fourth in the Men’s Physique division in his Olympia debut.

The year 2014 saw Hadzovic qualify for the Olympia via his win at the 2014 Tampa Pro. He improved upon his Olympia debut with a second-place result — a mark he captured again at the 2015 Olympia.

In 2016, Hadzovic formally transitioned to the new Classic Physique division and saw immediate results: third place at the 2016 Olympia, behind Arash Rahbar (second), and the inaugural Classic Physique Olympia champion Danny Hester.

After finishing in seventh place at the Classic Physique Olympia in 2017, Hadzovic slowed his competitive pursuits. He took a two-year hiatus before returning with a sixth place at the 2019 Arnold Sports Festival.

Hadzovic moved back to the Men’s Physique division in 2022, winning the 2022 Pittsburgh Pro to earn entry to the 2022 Olympia. Hadzovic was set to challenge three-time Men’s Physique Olympia champion (2018, 2020-2021) Brandon Hendrickson.

As his Instagram page suggests, with seemingly countless training videos and nutrition tidbits, Hadzovic tried to maximize his 2022 Olympia opportunity. Alas, assuming Hadzovic will give it another go in 2023, he is putting his Olympia dreams on a temporary hold.

Featured image: @sadikhadzovic on Instagram

The post Bodybuilder Sadik Hadzovic Withdraws From 2022 Olympia appeared first on Breaking Muscle.

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Mamdouh “Big Ramy” Elssbiay is on a fast track toward all-time legendary status. Should the Egyptian athlete capture his third consecutive Mr. Olympia title on Dec. 16-18, 2022, he will become the eighth bodybuilder to win the contest on at least three occasions.

Among other icons, one of the athletes who has accomplished that feat and then some is seven-time Mr. Olympia Phil Heath, who won consecutive Mr. Olympia titles from 2011 to 2017. There might not be a better person to pick the brain of the current face of bodybuilding.

On Dec. 5, 2022, in collaboration with the Mr. Olympia organizing body, Heath shared an Instagram Live where he discussed the upcoming Olympia in Las Vegas, NV, with Elssbiay. Heath is part of the lead 2022 Olympia commentary team.

In a frank conversation, Elssbiay and Heath touch on the pressures of performing on stage. The reigning two-time champion Elssbiay discussed some of his personal expectations as he enters another title defense.

To achieve consistent excellence on the Olympia stage, successful winners must bring their A-game yearly, especially as talented up-and-comers come into the picture. Elssbiay and his coach Dennis James apparently acknowledged that as a challenge he’s hurdled in the past and will try to leap over again in 2022.

“Me and Dennis [James], we spoke last week that it’s too hard for people who win the Olympia many, many years like Phil Heath, like Ronnie Coleman,” Elssbiay expressed. “It’s too hard when you think about the next one because you need to bring something bigger and everything to not let the fans [down]. That means you have to work harder than anybody, and that’s not easy for anyone. That’s the main thing for a champ.”

As for his “three-peat” plan, Elssbiay and his team are keeping it simple in the final countdown to the 2022 iteration of the Olympia with an emphasis on further refining his conditioning.

” … It’s not just me, it’s me and my team working very hard to come early,” Elssbiay said. We have everything [we need] for [conditioning] … We are working very hard right now but also we are fine. I feel good.”

Elssbiay weighed over 300 pounds on the day of the interview with Heath. He will strive to make one last marked cut down before he steps on the 2022 Olympia stage.

“Today, in the morning, [I weighed] 306 [pounds],” Elssbiay said. “… But I think the last week we’re going to drop more weight, and it will be, I think, 295 [pounds] on the stage.”

In his conversation with Heath, Elssbiay is aware of how challenging an Olympia title defense can be. Elssbiay thinks Andrew Jacked and Derek Lunsford will spice up the competition — the reigning champ thinks Lunsford has a “great chance.”

Ultimately, the talented field of challengers aside, Elssbiay seems to believe he’s in a better position because of some adversity he overcame to win the 2021 Olympia title.

“Last year, I had the [worst] year of my life,” Elssbiay explained. “I can’t talk about that because that just gives them a reason to [have me] lose. But when they ask about my fire, about my dream to be Mr. Olympia again, I said to myself, ‘you are strong, you have a great mentality,’ and I think in my heart I can’t lose again.”

Featured image: @big_ramy on Instagram

The post Mamdouh “Big Ramy” Elssbiay Tells Phil Heath About His Mentality Ahead of the 2022 Mr. Olympia appeared first on Breaking Muscle.

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At this point, Russel Orhii has little to prove. As an 83-kilogram powerlifter, he’s a two-time International Powerlifting Federation (IPF) World Champion (2019, 2021). He holds the raw IPF World Record back squat (320.5 kilograms/706.6 pounds), also in the 83-kilogram weight class.

Domestically, in the 82.5-kilogram division, Orhii owns the USA Powerlifting (USAPL) raw American Records on the squat (320.5 kilograms/706.6 pounds) and total (838 kilograms/1,847.5 pounds). He notched his IPF record squat during the 2021 IPF Worlds, while he tallied his American Record at the 2022 USAPL Mega Nationals.

That isn’t stopping the powerlifting superstar, who doesn’t appear to rest on the laurels of his past accomplishments. On Dec. 4, 2022, Orhii showed how far he’s come with his strength when he shared an Instagram clip of himself locking out a 319.8-kilogram (705-pound) back squat for three reps.

Per the caption of Orhii’s post, the set is a new personal record (PR). Check it out below:

For context on Orhii’s latest display of unique power, his training feat is on par with some of his best-ever squat singles. The American athlete’s three-rep 319.8-kilogram (705-pound) back squat PR is just half a kilogram (one pound) off both his IPF World Record and American Record squats.

Meanwhile, Orhii’s three-rep PR is just 3.22 kilograms (7.1 pounds) off of his all-time raw competition best of 323 kilograms (712.1 pounds). That squat occurred at the 2021 USAPL Raw Nationals.

As for other recent training accomplishments, Orhii has stayed busy during the 2022 calendar year. In early April 2022, he ground through a 345-kilogram (760.5-pound) raw deadlift PR. In early October 2022, he crushed a 347-kilogram (765-pound) back squat PR.

Orhii’s focus seems to be centered around reps in the gym lately. Just a week prior to this latest three-rep squat PR, Orhii shared a clip where he powered through a 310-kilogram (683-pound) squat for four reps. He destroyed a 288-kilogram (635-pound) squat for six reps five weeks beforehand.

Orhii’s work is likely connected to an upcoming powerlifting contest in late December 2022. At the time of this writing, he has not disclosed when that competition will precisely occur or what it is.

Orhii previously alluded to dipping his toes into competitive bodybuilding but never provided a concrete update on when he would appear on stage.

Regardless of what Orhii’s future holds, it’s evident that he isn’t yet fully satisfied with his illustrious resume. With that in mind, expect plenty of milestones and rousing performances to come from this powerlifting dynamo.

Featured image: @russwole on Instagram

The post Russel Orhii “Gets Even” With a 319.8-Kilogram (705-Pound) Three-Rep Squat PR appeared first on Breaking Muscle.

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